养殖与饲料

[目的]系统研究贵州黄鸡青胫品系(GZ)与长顺绿壳蛋鸡(CS)杂交后代的生长发育规律，为长顺绿壳蛋鸡的遗传改良提供科学支撑。[方法]以贵州黄鸡青胫新品系和长顺绿壳蛋鸡为亲本，采用完全双列杂交设计，获得GZ(GZ♂×GZ♀)、CS(CS♂×CS♀)、GC(GZ♂×CS♀)、CG(CS♂×GZ♀)4个试验组，从每个试验组中随机选取雏鸡60只(公母各半)称体重，共240只，试验周期126 d,记录各阶段体重变化，采用Logistic、Gompertz和Von Bertalanffy这3种非线性生长模型，对正反交后代的体重数据进行拟合分析。[结果]正反交后代初生重和2周龄体重均显著高于双亲(P<0.05)，并呈现较高的杂种优势率(H为9.2%～14.2%)，而0～10周龄时，正交组和反交组同样呈现出一定的杂种优势，2组体重均显著高于CS亲本组(P<0.05)。3种模型均能较好地拟合正反交后代的生长曲线，拟合度(R²)均高于0.997，其中，Gompertz模型的拟合优度最高，正交组R2=0.999，拐点周龄9.07，拐点体重804.25 g；反交组R2=0.999，拐点周龄9.27，拐点体重835.98 g。[结论]Gompertz模型是贵州黄鸡青胫新品系与长顺绿壳蛋鸡正反交后代生长的最优模型，可作为长顺绿壳蛋鸡的育种改良参考依据。

[Objectives]The growth performance of hybrids between the Guizhou yellow chicken blueshank line(GZ) and the Changshun green-shell egg chicken(CS) was systematically studied to provide a scientific basis for the genetic improvement of Changshun green-shell egg chickens. [Methods]Guizhou yellow chicken blue-shank line(GZ) and the Changshun green-shell egg chicken(CS) were crossed to obtain 4 experimental groups including GZ(GZ♂×GZ♀),CS(CS♂×CS♀),GC(GZ♂×CS♀),and CG(CS♂×GZ♀) with a complete diallel design. 60 chickens(half male and half female) from each experimental group were randomly selected for weighing.A total of 240 chickens were used as the experimental population to record the changes in weight at each stage of the experiment for 126 d.Three nonlinear growth models including Logistic,Gompertz,and Von Bertalanffy were used to fit and analyze data on the weight of hybrids from the reciprocal crosses to determine the patterns of growth and development in different hybrids from different crosses by comparing the growth performance of hybrids with that of its parents.[Results]The birth weight and 2-week-old body weight of hybrids from the reciprocal crosses were significantly higher than that of the parents(P<0.05),with a high rate of heterosis(H of 9.2%-14.2%).There was a certain degree of heterosis at 0-10 weeks of age in the reciprocal crosses,with body weight significantly higher than that of the CS group(P<0.05). All three models fitted the growth curve of reciprocal offspring well, with a coefficient of determination(R2) exceeding 0.997. Among them, the Gompertz model had the highest goodness of fit,with a R2 of 0.999 for the direct cross,an inflection point age of 9.07 weeks,and an inflection point weight of 804.25 g.The coefficient of determination(R2) for the reciprocal cross was 0.999,with an inflection point age of 9.27 weeks,and an inflection point weight of 835.98 g.[Conclusions]The Gompertz model is the optimal model for the growth of hybrids from reciprocal crosses between the Guizhou yellow chicken blue-shank line(GZ) and the Changshun green-shell egg chicken(CS).It will provide reference for the genetic improvement of Changshun green-shell egg chickens.