养殖与饲料

[目的]探讨陕北地区3种羊常用粗饲料（青玉米、高粱、向日葵）的营养成分及饲用价值，为该地区饲草料的开发利用提供依据。[方法]通过常规饲料分析法对3种粗饲料的粗灰分、粗纤维、粗脂肪、粗蛋白、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维以及氨基酸组成进行分析，评估其饲用价值。[结果]3种羊常用粗饲料中，向日葵粗蛋白、粗脂肪含量较高，粗纤维、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维含量较低，具有较好的营养价值，其次为高粱、青玉米；向日葵的相对饲用价值以及有机物质消化率最高，分别达到863.22和112.32%，且其粗饲料分级指数（GI）为147.59，属于Ⅰ级饲草；相对于青玉米而言，高粱的总氨基酸、必需氨基酸含量较高，分别为0.9、1.24 g/(100 g)，可以给动物机体提供更优质的蛋白质。[结论]3种羊粗饲料，饲喂时可优先饲喂向日葵与高粱，其次饲喂青玉米。

[Objectives]The nutritional components and feeding values of three commonly used roughages including green maize, sorghum and sunflower for sheep in Northern Shaanxi were studied to provide a reference for the further development and utilization of forage in the region.[Methods]The conventional method of analyzing feed was used to analyze the content of nutritional components including the crude ash(Ash), crude fiber(CF), crude fat(EE), crude protein(CP), neutral detergent fiber(NDF), acid detergent fiber(ADF) and the composition of amino acids in three types of roughages. The feeding values of three commonly used roughages were evaluated.[Results]Among the three commonly used roughages for sheep in Northern Shaanxi, sunflowers had higher content of crude protein(CP) and crude fat(EE), lower content of crude fiber(CF), neutral detergent fiber(NDF), and acidic detergent fiber(ADF). Sunflowers have good nutritional value, followed by sorghum and green maize. Sunflowers had the highest relative feeding value and organic matter digestibility(OMD),reaching 863.22% and 112.32%, with the roughage grading index(GI) of 147.59, belonging to the Grade I forage. Compared to green maize, sorghum had a higher content of total amino acids(TAA) and essential amino acids(EAA), reaching 0.9g/100g and 1.24g/100g, which can provide higher quality of protein for animals.[Conclusions]When feeding three commonly used roughages, priority can be given to feeding sunflowers and sorghum, followed by green maize.