养殖与饲料

[目的]探讨梨形环棱螺(Bellamya purificata)在人工养殖环境中投喂发酵秸秆饲料的生长效果、经济效益及环境效益，为农作物秸秆资源化利用提供技术依据。[方法]以粉碎的甘蔗叶尾、玉米秆等农作物秸秆为主要原料，辅以酒糟、木薯渣、花生麸等，接种复合发酵菌剂，经袋式厌氧发酵制成梨形环棱螺专用粉状发酵饲料。在池塘中设置网箱进行为期72 d投料组(试验组)与不投料组(对照组)生长对比试验；同时，选取水库和稻田2种典型模式，进行大面积生产示范应用，对产量和效益进行跟踪评估。[结果]投喂发酵秸秆饲料能显著促进梨形环棱螺生长(P<0.05)，投料组饵料系数为1.2，饲料成本2.28元/kg；对于投料养殖梨形环棱螺单产水平,水库模式为653.1 kg/667 m²，稻田模式499.6 kg/667 m²。[结论]利用发酵秸秆饲料养殖梨形环棱螺能显著促进其生长，并提高单位面积产量和养殖效益。

[Objectives]The growth effect, economic benefits and environmental benefits of feeding fermented straw feed to Bellamya purificata in manual farming environments were studied to provide a technical basis for solving the cost of feed and the utilization of crop straw resource in farming Bellamya purificata. [Methods] Crushed crop straw including sugarcane leaf tails and corn stalks was used as the main raw materials, supplemented by distiller's grains, cassava residue, peanut meal, etc., and compound fermentation bacteria were inoculated to produce special powdered fermented feed for Bellamya purificata via bag-type anaerobic fermentation. Cages were set up in ponds to conduct the experiment of comparing growth with and without feeding for 72 days. Two typical modes including reservoir and paddy field were selected for large-scale production demonstration and application to track and evaluate the yield and benefits. [Results] Feeding fermented straw feed significantly promoted the growth of Bellamya purificata(P<0.05), with a feed conversion ratio of 1.2 and a feed cost of 2.28 yuan/kg for the feeding group. The per unit area yield of Bellamya purificata with fermented straw feed and farmed in reservoir mode and paddy field mode was 653.1 kg/667 m² and 499.6 kg/667 m², respectively. [Conclusions] Farming Bellamya purificata with fermented straw feed can significantly promote its growth, improve the per unit area yield and benefits of farming. It will provide an effective way for the highvalue utilization of crop straw resource.